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Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a yeast ( a type of fungus) called candida. Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection due to candida, which can affect the oral cavity, vagina, penis, or other parts of the body. In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in candida infections because of the resurgence of diseases that weaken the immune system and the widespread use of immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Oral candidiasis is an infection of the oral cavity by candida albicans. The condition is generally obtained secondary to immune suppression, which can be local or systemic, including extremes of age ( newborns and elderly), immunocompromising diseases such as hiv/ aids, and chronic systemic steroid and antibiotic use. Candida normally lives on skin and inside the body, such as the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, without causing problems. An echinocandin ( caspofungin: loading dose 70 mg, then 50 mg daily; micafungin: 100 mg daily; anidulafungin: load- ing dose 200 mg, then 100 mg daily) is recommended as ini- tial therapy ( strong recommendation; high- quality evidence). Untreated candida infection carries the risk of leading to a systemic infection in which other organs can become involved and may lead to sepsis.
Some species of candida can cause infection in people; the most common is candida albicans. Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by yeasts of the genus candida.